Acts and Regulations
 
 
   
 
 
 
Development Programs
(Development Programs run under the Ministry)
Ex-Kamaiya Rehabilitation and Career Development Program
Kamaiya is an agricultural and household labour system traditionally in operation particularly in the five western terai districts of Nepal namely Dang, Banke, Bardiya, Kailali and Kanchanpur. They are predominantly inhabited by Tharu tribal population. Literally kamaiya means a person who works i.e. labourer.

After dawn of democracy in Nepal in the year 1989,Government of Nepal considered this Kamaiya system a great curse to humanity and to its commitment to democracy and human rights. In 1995 started actions against kamaiya labour and has in the past few years done considerably for the upliftment of the kamaiya bonded labourers through different programs.

At first Ministry of Land Reform and Management hold a kamaiya survey in 1995. The survey has outlined many interesting facts. This survey report showed the following figure for the kamaiya families and their population.

S.No. Description Dang Banke Bardiya Kailali Kanchanpur Total
1 Households 1856 1060 5037 5557 1642 15152
2 Family members 12275 6846 25846 30463 7945 83375
HMG/N in the past adopted traditional evolutionary approach with a hope to dissolve the kamaiya system. The following programs were initiated by HMG/N, Ministry of Land Reform and Management.
Empowerment of kamaiyas through Group Formation for carrying out different kamaiya      upliftment activities.
Development of Revolving Fund for low interest funding of income generation activities      carried out by kamaiyas.
Generation of fund for financing of settlement of houseless kamaiyas.
Training of kamaiyas in different skills (carpenter, mason, animal husbandry, driving,      horticulture, welding, electricity, painting, machanics, tailoring etc) for self employment.
HMG/N by the Cabinet Decision of July 17, 2000 has eradicated the kamaiya system with immediate effect from the country. That means thenceforth no landlord can employ anybody as kamaiya, and the debt or sauki has been declared null and void. If anybody wishes to engage an agricultural and household labourer, s/he should be paid to minimum wage and the working hours as laid down by labour law should be maintained.
HMG/N constituted 9 member Central Level Coordination and Monitoring Committee on the chairmanship of Local Development Minister, and 11 member District Level Coordination and Monitoring Committee on the chairmanship of the concerned DDC Chairman to rehabilitate the emancipated kamaiyas.
To provide the legality of emancipation proclamation, the parliament passed a Kamaiya Labour Prohibition Act, 2058 (B.S.).

From 1993, HMG/N is providing 18 types of different skill development training. The training are organized in the training institute like CTEVT, Rapti Technical School , Bheri Technical School and on their own field. The kamaiya groups select the member on their interest. After the training program, they get technical equipment to each trainees.

Program and Progress:
A brief summary of the program and progress work on Kamaiya Rehabilitation and Career Development Program follows like this:
For the first time HMG of Nepal took the data according to which

Total no. of the family 15152
Total population 83375
The loan taken by them 48876692/-
Functions from 2052 to 2057 B.S.
They were included in 552 groups.
Provided Rs. 7.6 million as Revolving fund.
Started to launch skill development training.
Purchased 20 bighas of land for providing residential place (settlements).
The efforts after the declaration of kamaiya emancipation:
Declaration of emancipate kamaiya on 2057/4/2 B.S.
Collected kamaiya's data on 2057 Dhadra B.S.
The district committee provided kamaiya identity card after ensuring kamaiyas on the basis of      the data taken in 2057 Bhadra B.S. and distributed altogether 2381-3-16 Bighas of land to      12019 families.
Provided Rs. 81410342 to 8378 families for house construction.
827 groups were re-formulated (previously 752).
Distrubuted 6000 metric tones rice in three year's work on Food Distribution Program.
The program was assisted by ILO in past years.
National Land Use Project(Background)
Land is the backbone of human life as it provides food shelter, clothing and energy required for the people. It is impossible to improve the economy of a country without the proper management of land. Because of the rapid urbanization, continued population growth and migration and inappropriate land use practices agricultural land is going to decling its fertility and usefulness.
Despite past efforts, land related problems have not yet been effectively addressed. It is needed to view land use problems in an integrated way. The absence of integrated national land use plan and program has led to land use conflicts. National Land Use Project was set up in the year 2000 under the Ministry of Land Reform and Management/HMG to effectively address various land related problems including above mentioned ones. This project aims to formulate and carry out land use programs for the appropriate land use planning in Nepal .

For resolving policy and co-ordination issues at central level, Land Use Council has been incorporated in the Land Act, 2021 (Fifth Amendment, 2058). As per the Land Act Amendment, 2058, this council has been formulated and is headed by the vice-chairman of the National Planning Commission/HMG Nepal. Under the supervision of the council, National Land Use Project will prepare the require digital database and land use zoning maps for implementation. The concerned district level land use committee will then implement and monitor the land use programs based on the land use zoning maps approved by the council.

At present, the project has been preparing land use maps, GIS database, district profiles etc.
Goals and Objectives
The main goal of the approved land use project is to develop and implement sustainable land use planning in Nepal with appropriate land use policies and land use classification based on the land capability and socio-economic conditions. Three major sectoral bjectives are as follows:

To provide guideline information based on the national land use planning for district level      planning.
To manage the preparation of detail land use programs and production of district and village      level land use maps.
To implement land use zoning policies.

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Land Revenue Records Security and Strengthening Program

This program has been running from 056/57 B.S. with the objective of improving the physical (state) condition of the Land Revenue Offices as well as records system there. The program, functioning under the Department of Land Reform and Management has been executing for fulfillment the following activities/works.

Main activities:

Construct new buildings of Land Revenue Offices and Land Reform Offices both.
Construct compound walls.
Improve and bind the records(shresta).
Arrange racks, cupboards and other furniture for the protection of shresta and other official     documents.
Compile and publish integrated land related laws (Act, Regulations and by-laws).
Eliminate dual ownership on land.
Prepare and publish on land.
Prepare and publish Directives on Land Revenue and Land Reform.
Conduct other land reform related programs directed and guided by the fifth amendment on     Land Related Act.


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Development Programs run under Survey Department
National Geographic Information Infrastructure (NGII) Program

In order to assist various organization of HMG/Nepal in maintaining accurate and appropriate knowledge of the demographic and socio-economic profile of the country to support the formulation of development policies at central and central and local level, National Geographic Information Infrastructure Program has been launched. The mission of this program formulated as to strengthen planning resources management in Nepal through development of a geographic information infrastructure for the access of geographical and related data for decision. For this, National Topographic Digital Database (NTDB) of the country has been established by digitizing recently prepared topographic base maps at scales of 1:25,000.

The ultimate aims of the program are to establish multi-resolution topographic database , to integrate the NTDB with database of the population census, and also to accommodate as much data of user agencies as possible and to disseminate the data to the users.

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Survey Section Strengthening Program:
The program has been launching on the objectives of

Constructing its own office buildings for 83 survey section of the Kingdom.
Keeping the fieldbook maps and other records of the survey sections secure.
Improving the physical condition of survey sections.


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Cadastral Survey Program

Mapping and recording of land-ownership was initiated in 1965 to support the land reform program. By the ninth plan period, whole of the privately owned land in the country, except in the very densely built-up settlement blocks in the rural areas, has been surveyed and land ownership certificate has been issued to the land owners.

This program has been launching on the objective of re-survey program for updating and validating through information technology. The program has been based land survey conducted as a strategic program as it takes a longer period to fulfill the goals and objectives of this program. By using control points, the cadastral mapping and re-mapping works have been running in 9 districts (Jhapa, Morang, Parsa, Kathmandu , Rupandehi, Banke, Bardiya, Kailai, Sarlahi) through survey parites (Napi Goswaras).

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Topographic Mapping Program

This Project has been running under Topographic Survey Branch of Survey Department. The Topographic Survey Branch has provided infrastructure for carrying out all topographic mapping project. Survey and publication of topographic base maps were initiated in 1992 with JICA assistance for Lumbini zone topographic mapping and nest of the area with the assistance from Government of Finland.

Provide topographical mapping services including map compilation, cartographic processing     & printing.

Prepare & update the topographical base of the kingdom.

Publish various types of maps for development planning, administrative & other purposes.

Provide services for aerial photography and taking aerial photographs of the proposed areas,     to enlarge & rectify them.

Provide land resources maps and information. (LRMP)

Prepare & update land utilization maps.

Print maps & charts.

Assist in surveying & delineating international boundaries of the Kingdom.

Prepare National Topographic Database & Provide digital data.

Prepare satellite image map & update base map and Land resource maps using remote     sensing technology country.

Establish lower order ground control points and provide mapsheets with ground control to     prepare large scale cadastral map of the country.

Establish and maintain leveling network in the country.

Establish and maintain gravity network and determine gravity anamoly of the country.

Promote the research works in the field of geodesy and astronomy in the country.

Archive the different types of ground control points data as well as other geodetic information     products and provide services for Development Projects.


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